伊斯特凡·克尔特斯 (István Kertész，1929年8月28日－1973年4月16日），著名匈牙利指挥家，主要以擅长指挥歌剧和具匈牙利特色的作品闻名。 　　克尔特斯于1965年起，至1968年为止，担任伦敦交响乐团的首席指挥，受到团员们绝大的信赖；后来他的离职，甚至曾引起该乐团的听众大幅流失。出身中欧的克尔特斯对于德弗扎克的作品有独到之见解，他指挥伦敦交响乐团的德弗扎克交响曲全集录音，曾获得企鹅评鉴三星带花的最高评价。 　　1973年4月16日，克尔特斯在以色列Herzliya海岸游泳时不幸溺水，英年早逝。那段时期他正录制布拉姆斯交响曲全集、〈海顿变奏曲〉，最后终未能完成。 　　Istvan Kertesz(28 August 1929 – 16 April 1973) was an internationally acclaimed Jewish Hungarian orchestral and operatic conductor who, throughout his brief but distinguished career led many of the world's great orchestras, including the Cleveland, Chicago, Philadelphia, New York, Los Angeles, Pittsburgh, Detroit, San Francisco and Minnesota Orchestras in the United States, as well as the London Symphony, Vienna Philharmonic, Berlin Philharmonic, Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra, Israel Philharmonic, and L'Orchestre de la Suisse Romande. His orchestral repertoire numbered over 450 works from all periods, and was matched by a repertoire of some sixty operas ranging from Mozart, Verdi, Puccini and Wagner to the more contemporary Prokofiev, Bartok, Britten, Kodaly, Poulenc and Janaek. Kertesz was part of a rich musical tradition that produced fellow Hungarian conductors Fritz Reiner, Antal Dorati, Janos Ferencsik, Eugene Ormandy, George Szell, Janos Furst, Ferenc Fricsay, and Sir Georg Solti. 　　Through his gramophone recordings, Istvan Kertesz has been rediscovered by a new and younger audience, and has increasingly come to be regarded as one of the greatest conductors of all time. 　　Kertesz was born in Budapest, Hungary, in 1929, the first child of Margit Muresian and Miklos Kertesz. His sister, Vera, was born four years later. Miklos Kertesz, born in Szecseny, Hungary into a large Jewish family, was the director of a leather-works and died of appendicitis in 1938. An energetic, intellectually gifted woman, Margit Muresian Kertesz went to work to support her family. Despite strictures against women working professionally in Hungarian society during the first half of the twentieth century, Margit was steadily promoted until she ran the office where she was employed. At an early age Kertesz showed a great affinity for music, and began violin lessons. "When I was six and started music," he told a High Fidelity interviewer, "it was 1935 and cruel things were going on in Europe . . . I found my exile in music, practicing the piano, the fiddle, and writing little compositions." 　　With the failure of Hungary's efforts to negotiate an armistice with the western Allies, German forces occupied Hungary on 19 March 1944. Aware of what was happening to Jews throughout Europe, the family went into hiding. Most of Kertesz's extended family were deported to Auschwitz in July 1944 and did not survive the Holocaust. 　　At the insistence of his mother, and despite the wartime interruptions of air raids, deportations, starvation and invasions by both Germans and later, the Russians, Istvan Kertesz continued his musical studies. By the time he was twelve, Kertesz began to study the piano and composition in addition to the violin. The young Kertesz, along with his sister, took advantage of Budapest's rich cultural life and attended symphonic or operatic performances almost every evening. It was at this time that Kertész decided to become a conductor. After the war, he resumed his formal studies and attended the Klcsey-Gymnasium where, in 1947, he graduated with honors. 　　That same year, Istvan Kertesz enrolled as a scholarship student at the Royal Academy of Music, now the Franz Liszt Academy of Music in Budapest, where he studied violin, piano and composition with Zoltan Kodaly, Leo Weiner and Rezso Kokai. Developing his keen interest in conducting, Kertesz became a student of Janos Ferencsik and Laszlo Somogyi. At the conservatory, Kertesz also met his wife, the lyric soprano, Edith Gancs whom he married in 1951. She later changed her name to Edith Kertesz-Gabry. The gifted musical pair were part of a talented cohort of musicians. Musically, Kertesz was most influenced by Laszlo Somogyi, Bruno Walter and Otto Klemperer, then the director of the Budapest Opera. 　　On 17 December 1948, Istvan Kertesz made his debut as a conductor with an all Mozart programme. 　　From 1953 to 1955, Kertesz was chosen as Chief Conductor or the Philharmonic Orchestra at Gyor, a post that he held for two years. During this period he had the opportunity to develop a broad symphonic repertoire, leading the Budapest Opera Orchestra from 1955 to 1957, and working as an Assistant Professor of Conducting at the Franz Liszt Academy of Music. After the upheaval of the Hungarian Revolution, and with a young family in tow, Kertesz left Hungary. Offered a fellowship to the Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia in Rome, Kertesz studied with Fernando Previtali while his wife, Edith Kertesz-Gabry sang at the Bremen Opera. Kertesz graduated with distinction, and was given the highest award of the Accademia, the "Premio d'Atri." Moreover, Previtali chose 　　Istvan Kertesz(28 August 1929 – 16 April 1973) was an internationally acclaimed Jewish Hungarian orchestral and operatic conductor who, throughout his brief but distinguished career led many of the world's great orchestras, including the Cleveland, Chicago, Philadelphia, New York, Los Angeles, Pittsburgh, Detroit, San Francisco and Minnesota Orchestras in the United States, as well as the London Symphony, Vienna Philharmonic, Berlin Philharmonic, Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra, Israel Philharmonic, and L'Orchestre de la Suisse Romande. His orchestral repertoire numbered over 450 works from all periods, and was matched by a repertoire of some sixty operas ranging from Mozart, Verdi, Puccini and Wagner to the more contemporary Prokofiev, Bartok, Britten, Kodaly, Poulenc and Janek. Kertesz was part of a rich musical tradition that produced fellow Hungarian conductors Fritz Reiner, Antal Dorati, Janos Ferencsik, Eugene Ormandy, George Szell, Janos Furst, Ferenc Fricsay, and Sir Georg Solti.