John Arthur Lanchbery OBE (15 May 1923 - 27 February 2003) was an English, later Australian, composer and conductor, famous for his ballet arrangements. He served as the Principal Conductor of the Royal Ballet from 1959 to 1972, Principal Conductor of the Australian Ballet from 1972 to 1977, and Director of the American Ballet Theatre from 1978 to 1980. Although he resigned from the position of Director of the Royal Ballet in 1972, he continued to conduct regularly for the Company until 2001. 　　Lanchbery worked with Sir Frederick Ashton, Sir Kenneth MacMillan, Dame Margot Fonteyn and Rudolf Nureyevin addition to his lifelong friends Peter Stanley Lyons and Kenneth Spring. 　　Lanchbery was widely considered (including by Nureyev) to be the greatest conductor of his time and to be ‘a conductor and music director of unmatched experience’ who was ‘directly responsible for raising the status and the standards of musical performance'.Maina Gielgud, Artistic Director of Australian Ballet, stated that "He [Lanchbery] is not only the finest conductor for dance of his generation and 　　probably well beyond".One critic wrote that ‘the music was always on its best behaviour’ when Lanchbery was conducting. 　　He was also famous for his re-adaptation of canonical works.