Eric Dolphy（1928—1964）生于洛杉矶。58年加入 Chico Hamilton 的乐团后，从60年起随着参加 Charles Mingus 的团体，而与 Ornette Coleman 合演。后来组成自己的乐团。同时也和John Coltrane合奏。一面守着传统的调性世界。一面注入新的手法，成为自从 Charlie Parker 以来，负责联系 HARD BOP、MOOES 和 FREE 等革新性爵士的重要角色。 曾被Miles Davis指责，亦被权威爵士乐杂志形容为“反爵士”，Eric Dolphy因为他的前卫乐风吓跑不少传统爵士乐卫道之士，虽然如此他却是世人公认前卫爵士乐中仅次于萨克斯风手 Ornette Coleman 之天才乐手。以中音萨克斯风、长笛、低音黑管为主要吹奏乐器，Dolphy 虽然以不对称节奏及自由旋律为创作诉求，但他的吹奏力度与萨克斯风巨人 Charlie Parker 相比实在不相伯仲。此外，他的音域控制技巧，可媲美任何硬式咆技术派乐手。1928年生于美国洛杉矶，Dolphy 于6岁时已经参与专业的巡回演出。1958年参与 Chico Hamilton 大乐团，他的才艺足以使得这支原本就光芒四射的队伍更见特殊。60年代的 Dolphy ，除了参与贝斯手 Charles Mingus 乐团工作之外，并与 Mal Waldron、Ron Carter、Jaki Byard 等乐手合作录音工作。1961年他与小号手 Booker Little 的合作更激出灿烂的火花，虽然合作为期不到半年，但是他们在 Five Spot 的录音演出却成为现代爵士乐中的经典作品。1964年，Dolphy的吹奏技巧已达炉火纯清之境，这些可见于他的独奏及双重奏作品中，同年Dolphy亦不幸去世。
Eric Allan Dolphy, Jr. (June 20, 1928 – June 29, 1964) was an American jazz alto saxophonist, flautist, and bass clarinetist. On a few occasions, he also played the clarinet and piccolo. Dolphy was one of several multi-instrumentalists to gain prominence in the 1960s. He was one of the first important bass clarinet soloists in jazz, extended the vocabulary and boundaries of the alto saxophone, and was among the earliest significant jazz flute soloists.
His improvisational style was characterized by the use of wide intervals, in addition to using an array of extended techniques to emulate the sounds of human voices and animals. Although Dolphy's work is sometimes classified as free jazz, his compositions and solos were often rooted in conventional (if highly abstracted) tonal bebop harmony and melodic lines that suggest the influences of modern classical composers Béla Bartók and Igor Stravinsky.
Eric Dolphy（1928—1964）生于洛杉矶。58年加入 Chico Hamilton 的乐团后，从60年起随着参加 Charles Mingus 的团体，而与 Ornette Coleman 合演。后来组成自己的乐团。同时也和John Coltrane合奏。一面守着传统的调性世界。一面注入新的手法，成为自从 Charlie Parker 以来，负责联系 HARD BOP、MOOES 和 FREE 等革新性爵士的重要角色。 曾被Miles Davis指责，亦被权威爵士乐杂志形容为“反爵士”，Eric Dolphy因为他的前卫乐风吓跑不少传统爵士乐卫道之士，虽然如此他却是世人公认前卫爵士乐中仅次于萨克斯风手 Ornette Coleman 之天才乐手。以中音萨克斯风、长笛、低音黑管为主要吹奏乐器，Dolphy 虽然以不对称节奏及自由旋律为创作诉求，但他的吹奏力度与萨克斯风巨人 Charlie Parker 相比实在不相伯仲。此外，他的音域控制技巧，可媲美任何硬式咆技术派乐手。1928年生于美国洛杉矶，Dolphy 于6岁时已经参与专业的巡回演出。1958年参与 Chico Hamilton 大乐团，他的才艺足以使得这支原本就光芒四射的队伍更见特殊。60年代的 Dolphy ，除了参与贝斯手 Charles Mingus 乐团工作之外，并与 Mal Waldron、Ron Carter、Jaki Byard 等乐手合作录音工作。1961年他与小号手 Booker Little 的合作更激出灿烂的火花，虽然合作为期不到半年，但是他们在 Five Spot 的录音演出却成为现代爵士乐中的经典作品。1964年，Dolphy的吹奏技巧已达炉火纯清之境，这些可见于他的独奏及双重奏作品中，同年Dolphy亦不幸去世。
Eric Allan Dolphy, Jr. (June 20, 1928 – June 29, 1964) was an American jazz alto saxophonist, flautist, and bass clarinetist. On a few occasions, he also played the clarinet and piccolo. Dolphy was one of several multi-instrumentalists to gain prominence in the 1960s. He was one of the first important bass clarinet soloists in jazz, extended the vocabulary and boundaries of the alto saxophone, and was among the earliest significant jazz flute soloists.
His improvisational style was characterized by the use of wide intervals, in addition to using an array of extended techniques to emulate the sounds of human voices and animals. Although Dolphy's work is sometimes classified as free jazz, his compositions and solos were often rooted in conventional (if highly abstracted) tonal bebop harmony and melodic lines that suggest the influences of modern classical composers Béla Bartók and Igor Stravinsky.
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